Design and layout
Open-plan kitchen knock-throughs
An open-plan kitchen knock-through removes all or part of the wall between a kitchen and a dining or living room to make one larger space. A non-load-bearing partition can be taken down and made good. A load-bearing wall needs a structural engineer's design, a steel beam set on padstones, temporary props while the work is done, and Building Regulations approval, or a building warrant in Scotland.
When do you need open-plan kitchen knock-throughs?
Most knock-throughs start with a kitchen that is too small next to a dining room that hardly gets used. Joining the two makes space for an island or a family table, brings light from both ends of the house into the kitchen, and lets whoever is cooking stay part of the room. The work is more involved than it looks, because the wall being removed is often holding up floors or walls above and usually has cables, pipes or a radiator running through it.
We arrange the whole sequence under one contract. After a free survey visit we check what the wall is doing and, where it is load-bearing, arrange a structural engineer to design the beam, padstones and propping. We arrange Building Regulations approval, or a building warrant in Scotland, before work starts. The wall is propped and opened, the steel set and inspected, then the opening is boxed, plastered and made good. The new kitchen is fitted once the room is one space.
What is included?
- Free survey visit to check the wall, the floors above and the services running through it
- Structural engineer arranged to design the beam, padstones and temporary propping
- Building Regulations approval arranged, or a building warrant before work starts in Scotland
- In England and Wales, party wall requirements checked where a beam bears into a shared wall
- Temporary props set, the wall removed and the steel beam bedded on padstones
- Cables, pipes and radiators in the wall rerouted by qualified trades
- Beam boxed in, the opening plastered and the floor joined where the wall stood
- New kitchen fitted once the opening is made good and the structural work inspected
How much does open-plan kitchen knock-throughs cost?
These are national guide prices including VAT at 20%. Prices are higher in London and the South East and lower in much of the North, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Choose your area below for a local range.
| Typical project | Guide price |
|---|---|
| Non-load-bearing wall removed and made goodStud or light partition, minimal services | £800–£2,000 |
| Load-bearing wall with a steel beamStructural engineer's design and making good; building control or warrant fees listed separately | £3,000–£8,500 |
| Knock-through with a new kitchen-dinerSteel beam, new kitchen, new floor throughout | £25,000–£55,000 |
Load-bearing guide ranges include the structural engineer's design for a typical single opening and making good; council building control or building warrant fees, rerouted services, decorating and the kitchen itself are listed separately. Your price is confirmed after a free survey visit.
How long does it take?
Typical timescale: 1 to 3 weeks; the opening itself usually takes 3 to 7 days. The programme for your kitchen is set out in the quote, and depends on the size of the room, what is moving, lead times for units and worktops and, after plastering, drying time.
Do you need permission or building regulations approval?
The rules differ across the UK. Choose your nation:
In England, removing a load-bearing wall needs a structural engineer's design and Building Regulations approval through local authority building control or a registered building control approver. Where a beam bears into a party wall, the Party Wall etc. Act 1996 means serving notice on the neighbours before work starts. If the new open-plan kitchen opens onto the hall and stairs, building control will check the escape route, and homes with a floor more than 4.5 metres above ground may need extra fire safety measures.
In Wales, a load-bearing wall needs an engineer's design and Building Regulations approval from building control before it comes out, and the Party Wall etc. Act 1996 applies where a beam bears into a party wall. Building control will check the escape route if the kitchen will open onto the hall and stairs. Moving sockets in the new room extends circuits within a kitchen, which is notifiable in Wales, so it is certified through a competent person scheme or building control.
In Scotland, removing a load-bearing wall needs a structural engineer's design and a building warrant from the local authority before any work starts, then a completion certificate once it is finished. Taking out a non-load-bearing partition does not normally need a warrant in a house, but in a flat it can, where it changes the escape route or fire separation. Where the kitchen will open onto the hall and stairs, the escape route is assessed as part of the warrant, and all Scottish homes now need interlinked smoke and heat alarms, which should be positioned to suit the new layout.
In Northern Ireland, removing a load-bearing wall needs a structural engineer's design and approval from council building control under the Building Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2012. A non-load-bearing partition is simpler. If the kitchen will open onto the hall and stairs, building control will check the escape route from upstairs. Rerouted electrics should be installed and tested to BS 7671 and certified, and any gas pipe in the wall must be moved by a Gas Safe registered engineer.
What should you think about before starting?
- Find out whether the wall is load-bearing before planning the layout; joists landing on it or a wall directly above are common clues.
- Allow time for the engineer's design and approval before work starts, especially in Scotland, where the building warrant must be granted first.
- If a beam will bear into a wall shared with a neighbour in England or Wales, the Party Wall Act may require notice before work starts.
- Check what runs through the wall: sockets, switches, radiator pipes, gas pipes and sometimes a soil stack all need rerouting first.
- Think about fire escape if the kitchen will open onto the hall and stairs, particularly in homes of three storeys or more.
- Expect dust and noise for several days; clearing both rooms and sealing doors to the rest of the house saves a lot of cleaning.
How does the project run?
- Guide price. Use the online guide-price tool or call us for a realistic range for your area
- Free survey visit. We measure the room, check walls, floors and service positions, and look at the plan or delivery
- Itemised written quote. Broken down by stage and trade, with any worktop templating, engineer or approval costs listed
- Fitting in the right order. Strip-out, first fix, units, worktops, second fix and finishing, with the trades booked in sequence
- Final check and handover. A walk-round together, certificates for electrics and gas, and the manufacturers' documents
Questions about open-plan kitchen knock-throughs
How can I tell if a kitchen wall is load-bearing?
Usually you cannot be certain by looking. Clues include floor joists landing on the wall from above, another wall directly on top of it upstairs, or the wall running down the middle of the house on its own foundation. A hollow knock is not a reliable test, because some stud walls carry loads. We check at the survey, and where there is doubt a structural engineer confirms it before anything is removed.
How much does an open-plan knock-through cost?
Removing a non-load-bearing wall and making good typically costs £800 to £2,000 including VAT. A load-bearing wall with a steel beam, including the structural engineer's design and making good, is usually £3,000 to £8,500. A full knock-through with a new kitchen-diner and new flooring throughout is around £25,000 to £55,000. Prices are confirmed after a survey visit.
Do I need approval to remove a wall between kitchen and dining room?
For a load-bearing wall, yes, everywhere in the UK. In England, Wales and Northern Ireland that means Building Regulations approval through building control; in Scotland a building warrant must be granted before work starts, followed by a completion certificate. A non-load-bearing partition is simpler, although a listed building may need listed building consent and a leasehold flat usually needs the freeholder's written consent.
Who designs the steel beam for a knock-through?
A structural engineer does. We arrange the engineer, who calculates the loads and specifies the beam size, the padstones it bears on and the temporary propping needed while the wall comes out. Those calculations go with the Building Regulations application or building warrant. We do not design steelwork ourselves; the work follows the engineer's design and is inspected as part of the approval.
Does knocking through to the kitchen affect fire safety?
It can. If the new open-plan kitchen opens straight onto the hall and stairs, a kitchen fire could affect the escape route from upstairs, so building control, or the building warrant process in Scotland, will check how people would get out. In houses with a floor more than 4.5 metres above ground, usually three storeys or more, extra fire safety measures may be needed. We confirm what applies before work starts.
When is the new kitchen fitted after a knock-through?
After the opening is complete. The order is propping, removing the wall, setting the beam on its padstones, inspection, then boxing in, plastering and joining the floor where the wall stood. Fresh plaster usually needs three to six weeks to dry before full decorating, though a mist coat can go on sooner, so the units are often fitted while the walls dry and the decorating follows later.
Related guides
- Do you need building regulations approval for a new kitchen?
- What is involved in knocking through to make a kitchen-diner?
Related kitchen services
- Kitchen design and planning
- Kitchen island installation
- Kitchen plastering and decorating
- Kitchen flooring
Where do we carry out open-plan kitchen knock-throughs?
We take on open-plan kitchen knock-throughs across England, Wales, mainland Scotland and Northern Ireland. Choose your area for local guide prices and the rules that apply there.
England
- Bedfordshire
- Berkshire
- Bristol
- Buckinghamshire
- Cambridgeshire
- Cheshire
- Cornwall
- Cumbria
- Derbyshire
- Devon
- Dorset
- County Durham
- the East Riding of Yorkshire
- East Sussex
- Essex
- Gloucestershire
- Greater London
- Greater Manchester
- Hampshire
- Herefordshire
- Hertfordshire
- the Isle of Wight
- Kent
- Lancashire
- Leicestershire
- Lincolnshire
- Merseyside
- Norfolk
- North Yorkshire
- Northamptonshire
- Northumberland
- Nottinghamshire
- Oxfordshire
- Rutland
- Shropshire
- Somerset
- South Yorkshire
- Staffordshire
- Suffolk
- Surrey
- Tyne and Wear
- Warwickshire
- the West Midlands
- West Sussex
- West Yorkshire
- Wiltshire
- Worcestershire